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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

I J. S. VAN BUREN.

, STOVBAND GRATE. No. 602,529. v Patented Apr. 19, 1898.

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attorney (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. s. VAN BUREN. STOVE AND GRATE.

No. 602,529. Patented Apr. 19-; 1898.

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STATES PATENT tr es.

JAFEYV S. VAN BUREN, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE RATH- BONE, SARD (Kt COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

STOVE AN D G RATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,529, dated April 19, 1898. Application filed September 7, 1897. Serial No. 650,877. (No model.)

To a, whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAFEW S. VAN BUREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Stoves and Grates, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in stoves and grates in which fuel liable to become reduced to small particles when being burned on the grate-bed, as is lignite, is used, or fuel of the kinds known as pea-coal, buckwheat-coal, 0r culm, or other fuel in the form of small particles and liable to I 5 pack on the grate-bed or in the mass; and it consists in the novel construction and combinations of the several parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The objects of my invention are to provide,

with a grate-bed, certain novel devices by means of which portions of the air for supporting the combustion of the fuel may become heated and be made to discharge laterally into the burning fuel at the same time 2 5 other currents of air are being discharged in vertical direction for passage upward through the same burning mass, and also to provide novel constructions and combinations of devices and parts employed for operating with 0 the fuel and air introduced into the latter while burning.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be fully understood from the following description and the claims when taken in 3 5 connection with the annexed drawings, in

which Figure l is a vertical sectional view of the fire-pot section, ash-pit section, and the gratebedand its adjuncts embodying the improve- 40 ments in this invention. Fig. 2 is a view taken at line 1 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the base-section of the grate-bed. Fig. 4 is a side view of the same with part broken away for exposing interior elements. Fig. 5

is a plan view of the top section of the airheating dome viewed from its lower side, and Fig. 6 is a view of the side-wall section of the air-heating dome from its lower side.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The drawings illustrate a grate-bed provided with my improvements, having a form of construction of parts which I at present time prefer to be employed in a fireplacegrate or a stove for warming purposes.

In the drawings, A is the ash-pit section, providedwith the usual air-inlet openings at, which may be closed to any preferred degree by means of the movable registering plate or damper A, as is generally employed for controlling the supply of air to the fuel in combustion.

.The fire-pot section B is mounted on the ash-pit section A, and may be secured thereto in the usual manner practiced by the trade, and it may be made with any form of construction, shape, and proportion preferred.

0 is the grate-bed, which is suitably supported in the lower open end of the fire-pot section B and at or above the upper side opening of the ash-pit section. Although any known form of device may be employed for supporting the grate-bed, yet a bracket or arm, as O, secured to a side wall of the ash-pit section, and a holding-piece, as 0 mounted in the free end of said bracket and holding with bar 0 connected with the gratebed, will be found to be a convenient mechanism for supporting this grate-bed and adapting it to be both rotated and dumped at will. This grate-bed 0 comprises a central air-heating dome-form grate-section and two series of radially-horizontal fuel-supporting pieces so arranged in relation to each other that the fuel-supporting pieces of one series will be 8 on a low plane in this grate-bed, While the fuel-supporting pieces of the second series will alternatewith those of the low series and be on a plane above the latter and the said pieces of both series be below the plane of the lowermost annular opening of the domeform grate-section, while provision is made for passage of air-currents from below the fuel-supporting pieces of the upper series in direction over those of the lower series, and 5 thence upward through the fuel on the latter and in part through the fuel on the pieces of the upper series at the same time the heated air-currents from the central dome-form grate-section are being discharged radially and downwardly toward the said fuel-sup porting pieces of both the series to mingle with the air-currents passing upwardly from below the radial fuel-supporting pieces for diffusive passage with the latter currents through the mass of fuel in the fire-pot.

Although the form of construction, shapes, sizes, and arrangements of the several parts and elements in this grate-bed may be variously modified from what is shown for adapting this invention to be employed in different classes of fireplace-grates, heaters, and stoves for burning fuel in form of small particles and liable to pack or fuel which naturallybecomes reduced more or less while burning to small particles and pack, this gratebed may be made to consist of a single piece and have its parts and elements integral by' the use of cores in molding and casting the same, yet I at present prefer to make it seetional (for avoiding corework in casting) and assemble and secure the same as shown in the drawings, and in this sectional form of construction of this grate-bed I will now proceed to describe the same. This grate-bed O, as a whole, is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to be comprised of three sections, as D in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, E in Figs. 1, 2, and 6, and F in Figs. 1, 2, and 5, and are assembled and secured, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, by means of suitable bolts G G. The lower or base section D is shown to be circular in form and comprises the central ring-form wall (1, the lower series of radial fuel-supporting pieces d 61, connected with the lower margin of said wall d, and the upper series of similar radial f uel-supporting pieces (1 (1 connected each with the same wall (I at a line about at the middle of the width of said wall (I. These latter fuel-supporting pieces d d are shown to alternate with the low-down fuel-supporting pieces (1' d and have their respective outer ends connected each with a vertical outer wall (1 which latter is strongly connected with the adjacent outer corners of the fuel-supporting pieces d d adjoining thereto. Beneath each of the fuelsupporting pieces (Z of the upper series and between its connected vertical end wall and the ring-form wall (1 is an air-chamber 61%, which receives air from the ash-pit in the section below, and at each lateral side of each of these air-chambers is an air-outlet (1 through which the air from the ash-pit of the section A below may readily pass, as indicated by arrow 1 in Fig. 4, into the fuel supported on the pieces d. The circular wall 6, which constitutes the middle section E of this gratebed, forms the middle portion of the central dome-form portion of this grate-bed, and in which air for supporting the combustion of the fuel is heated. This wall 6 may be of any suitable material and have a circumferential form corresponding with the central ring-form wall cl of the base-sectionD. This circular wall portion 8 is preferably made in its cross-area with an ogee form and flares outwardly as it runs down from its upper edge e to near or to the plane of the upper edge of wall d, and so that its lower margin portion 6 may project all around beyond the upper end margin of said wall portion d of the base-section to such a distance as, say, about one-half of one inch, as may be found to be required for passage of heated air in volume most advantageous for insuring perfect combustion of the fuel, and also at the same time prevent the small particles of the fuel passing from the fire-pot chamber into the chamber of the dome-form portion of this grate-bed. This circular wall e (or section E) may be supported above wall portion cl by means of suitable supports, as a e shown to be provided and connected with wall e and bearing on the upper edge of wall d. The top part f of this central dome-form portion of this grate-bed and comprised by section F is shown to be of conical form, with its base edge f projecting to a distance-say three-quarters of an inch or more or lessall around past the upper margin (3' of the circular wall 6, comprising section E, or to such a distance as may be found to be sufficient for preventing the particles of the fuel passing from the mass in the fire-pot into the interior of the dome portion of the gratebed, and also admit such a suflicient volume of heated air as may be advantageous for contributing to the best combustion of the fuel. This conical top portion of the gratebed operates to cause the middle portion of the mass of fuel in the fire-pot to gradually flow outwardly all around from the center of the mass to past the base edge f of this top piece as the fuel between this dome portion of the grate-bed and the wall of the firepot is being burned. This conical top portion f (section F) is shown to be supported from the top edge of sectionE (wall e) by two or more supports f and bolts G G, passing through said top portion f (section F) and through lugs or a cross-bar, as G hold the sections D, E, and F securely together, so that the grate-bed, comprising said sections, may be as one device and be rotated and dumped at will. An annular opening H all around is provided between the outer circumferential line of this grate-bed and lower end of the fire-pot section B, through which opening air is intended to pass in direction of arrow 3 in Fig. 1 from the ash-pit below to within the fuel in the fire-pot for supporting the combustion of the former.

H H are air-heating cones, made, preferably, integral with the fuel-supporting pieces (1 d and projected from the upper sideof the same, as shown. These air-heating cones are in situation to be surrounded by the fuel when burning and have each a chamber h communicating with the air-chamber d beneath the fuel-supporting piece d it is projected from, and a vertical slit-form opening h in a side of the wall of the cone serves as an outlet for the heated air into the congregated particles of fuel adjacent the cone or near the same. By the employment of these air-heating cones H the currents of heated air discharged therefrom are made to mingle with the air of the current passing through the annular opening H, and thereby raises the temperature of the air of said current and stimulates the combustion of the fuel adjacent the walls of the fire-pot. lVhen this gratebed is employed in an open-fireplace grate, the flame-chamber wall-section and associate exit-flue usually employed in outstanding stoves or heaters may be omitted and the fuel be allowed to burn with an exposed or uninclosed top surface, as is usual in fireplacegrates; but when this grate-bed is used in stoves or heaters the flame-chamber wall-section and exit-flue (not shown in the drawings) will be employed with the fire-pot wall or section as practiced by the trade and which are so well understood as not to require any particular description.

By means of the above-described grate-bed in open-fireplace grates and in outstanding stoves or heaters fuel in the form of small particles may be held congregated on each fuel-supporting piece d d in the respective series described and be in situation and unpacked condition for readily admitting the passage of heated currents of air through the same, so as to contribute to the best combustion of fuel of kinds as lignite, culm, and other fuels when in the form of small particles.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a grate-bed of a stove, the lower basesection D havinga central opening surrounded by the ring-form wall d, the series of fuelsupporting pieces d d projected radially from said ring-form wall, the series of fuelsupporting pieces 61 d alternating with said fuel-supporting pieces d d and on a plane above the latter and the annular vertical outer wall 61 and openings, serving as airoutlets d between the neighboring lateral edges of the said fuel-supporting pieces d 02 substantially as described for the purposes set forth.

2. Ina grate-bed of astove, the lower basesection D having a central opening surrounded by the ring-form wall cl, the series of fuelsupporting pieces d d projected radially from said ring-form wall, the series of fuelsupporting pieces 61 d on a plane above the fuel-supporting pieces d and alternating with the latter and provided each with an upwardly-projected air-heating cone H having its chamber h communicating with a cham-' ber d beneath and provided with an air-outlet h, and the annular vertical outer wall 01 integral with the respective fuel-supporting pieces d d in each series, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a grate of a stove, the combination with the base-section D comprising the ringform wall d, surrounding a central opening, the series of lower fuel-supporting pieces d 01', extended radially from said wall 01 and the series of upper fuel-supporting pieces 61 (1 having beneath each an air-chamber 01 provided with outlets 61 and the Vertical outer wall 01 connected with the outer ends of the fuel-supporting pieces, d d of the respective series, of the middle section E of the gratebed consisting of the wall 6 flaring outwardly all around as it runs downwardly, and supported by means, described, from the upper edge of the ring-form wall d of the section D, and the section F having a conical-form wall f, supported with its base edge f extended outwardly all around past the upper edge of section E and above the plane of the latter edge, the said sections D E and F being suitably secured together, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a stove the combination with fire-pot B, and ash-pit section A, below, of the gratebed comprising the sections D, E and F, pro vided respectively with the elements described, and supported above the ash-chamber of the ash-pit section and within the lower end of the fire-pot, and the annular air passage or opening H all around between the outer wall d of the section D and the wall of the fire-pot, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

JAFEws. VAN BUREN.

Witnesses:

LUOIUS H. REED, ELLsWoRTH CARR. 

